ABSTRACT Background: Triatomines infest atypical public spaces in the Western Amazon. Methods: Frequent visitors to these spaces captured the insects in the state of Acre, Brazil (Rio Branco and Cruzeiro do Sul). Results: Six insects were found in a penitentiary, a church, a school, a university, a hospital, and a health center. Five of the insects were adults (three positive for Trypanosoma cruzi) and one was a nymph. Conclusions: This is the first report of triatomine occurrence in schools or churches. These data are important for implementing surveillance strategies and alerting individuals about possible changes in Chagas disease transmission dynamics.

ABSTRACT The main objective of the study was to determine the relationship between entrepreneurial skills and virtual learning environments in undergraduate university students from a university in Lima. From the methodological point of view, the study was defined as basic, with a descriptive correlational level and a non-experimental design. The population consisted of 14,789 undergraduate students from a university in Lima. An intentional probabilistic sampling was carried out, establishing a sample of 113 undergraduate students of the agroindustrial engineering career. Two questionnaires were developed, for entrepreneurial skills with 21 questions and for virtual learning environments with 40 questions, all questions with 5 response options, using a Likert-type scale. The descriptive analysis of the data showed that 62.83% of the respondents believe that entrepreneurial skills have a high level, while 51.33% believe that virtual environments are at a medium level. The data normality test was performed, in which it was determined that they do not come from a normal distribution. From the inferential point of view, a correlation coefficient r=0.296 and sig=0.003<0.05 was obtained, which reflects that there is a low positive correlation between entrepreneurial skills and virtual learning environments in undergraduate university students from a university in Lima. These findings allow us to conclude that the relationship between the variables is significant, that is, the development of learning in virtual environments influences the acquisition of entrepreneurial skills.

RESUMEN El estudio tuvo como principal objetivo determinar la relación existente entre las capacidades emprendedoras y los ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado de una universidad limeña. Desde el ámbito metodológico el estudio se definió como básico, con un nivel correlacional descriptivo y diseño no experimental. La población estuvo conformada por 14.789 estudiantes de pregrado de una universidad limeña. Se realizó un muestreo probabilístico intencional, estableciéndose una muestra de 113 estudiantes de pregrado de la carrera de ingeniería agroindustrial. Se elaboraron dos cuestionarios, para capacidades emprendedoras con 21 preguntas y para ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje con 40 preguntas, todas las preguntan con 5 opciones de respuestas, por medio de una escala tipo Likert. El análisis descriptivo de los datos dio como resultado que el 62.83% de los encuestados opinan que las capacidades emprendedoras tienen un nivel alto, mientras que el 51.33% opina que los ambientes virtuales están en un nivel medio. Se realizó la prueba de la normalidad de los datos, en la cual se determinó que los mismos no provienen de una distribución normal. Desde el punto de vista inferencial se obtuvo un coeficiente de correlación r=0.296 y sig=0.003<0.05, lo cual refleja que existe una correlación positiva baja entre las capacidades emprendedoras y los ambientes virtuales de aprendizaje en estudiantes universitarios de pregrado de una universidad limeña. Estos hallazgos permiten concluir que la relación entre las variables es significativa, es decir, el desarrollo de aprendizaje en ambientes virtuales influye en la adquisición de las capacidades emprendedoras.

ABSTRACT Lack of a preventive culture and of timely early diagnosis are two of the most important factors to be considered in the prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases worldwide. Mobile technology is therefore an alternative which could very well be used in preventive medicine. The purpose of the study was to validate a technological application for the diagnosis of chronic non-communicable diseases using a mobile device. A descriptive study was conducted based on the survey as technique and the questionnaire as data collection tool. The sample was 60 people aged over 18 years, all of them users of the social network Facebook, who follow the webpage https://es-la.facebook.com/DrLuisPacoraCamargo/. Results show that 57.1% of the respondents were aged 21-40 years; 88.3% reported using the Internet daily; 53.3% that they used their devices frequently for communication through social networks; 53.4% had downloaded a health-related application, and 82.8% were familiar with the term "preventive medicine" and would used it more frequently if they had more information on their mobile devices. In conclusion, design and implementation of a health service through mobile devices, as is the case with CHECKEATE, would be viable in a young market potentially interested in preventive health topics.

RESUMEN La falta de cultura preventiva y un diagnóstico precoz oportuno representan dos de los factores más importantes a considerar en la prevención y tratamiento de las enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles a nivel mundial, por lo que la tecnología móvil constituye una alternativa que bien puede ser utilizada en la medicina preventiva. En este sentido, el presente artículo tuvo como objetivo validar una aplicación tecnológica que permita realizar el diagnóstico de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, utilizando el dispositivo móvil. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, que utilizó la encuesta como técnica y el cuestionario como instrumento para la recolección de la información en una muestra de 60 personas mayores de 18 años, todos usuarios de la red social Facebook, quienes seguían la página https://es-la.facebook.com/DrLuisPacoraCamargo/. Los resultados obtenidos permitieron demostrar que el 57,1 % de los encuestados presentaba edades comprendidas entre los 21 y 40 años de edad, de los cuales el 88,3 % reportó que utilizaba internet diariamente; el 53,3 % respondió que utilizaba sus dispositivos frecuentemente para comunicarse a través de las redes sociales; el 53,4 % de los encuestados había descargado un aplicativo relacionado con la salud y, finalmente, el 82,8 % de las personas respondió tener conocimiento del término de medicina preventiva y, que de tener información en sus dispositivos móviles, la utilizaría con frecuencia. En conclusión, el diseño e implementación de un servicio de salud a través de los dispositivos móviles, como el CHECKEATE, es viable en un mercado joven, potencialmente interesado en temas de salud preventiva.

ABSTRACT The development of the Internet and the technologies associated with it has allowed disseminating and cheapening of communication equipment, prototyping services, electronic sensors, and all types of devices. Agriculture has benefited from these technological advances to boost its productivity and profitability. This study presents the development of a data acquisition and device control platform to obtain, in real-time and remotely, information from the field for decision-making and process automation. All electronic components are low-cost and “open hardware”, and the software is “open-source”. The developed platform was validated during a development cycle of two lettuce varieties (Japanese and crisp), in which the soil water matric potential was monitored at two depths (10 and 25 cm), while solar irradiation, air temperature, and soil temperature were evaluated only to monitor the cycle. The platform automatically and satisfactorily controlled the applied irrigation depths using only the data of matric potential by activating a solenoid valve and made the information from the sensors available on the ThingSpeak Internet of Things (IoT) platform.

Abstract: This paper proposes and solves a mathematical model to predict the behavior of precipitation in the city of Tunja. For this, pluviometric information was subjected to fitting tests to probability distribution functions, finding the Gumbel function as the optimal one. Then, by means of mathematical treatments that use this distribution and applying the multiple linear regression method, the relationship between intensity, duration and frequency of precipitation (IDF) was determined. With the established model, the IDF curves were plotted for different return periods, depending on the duration of the precipitation event. The previous procedure was applied to the data of four stations that affect the basin that crosses the city of Tunja, generating fundamental information for the decision making in the design of engineering works and in the prevention of disasters.

Resumen: Este articulo propone y resuelve un modelo matemático para predecir el comportamiento de la precipitación en la ciudad de Tunja. Para esto, la información pluviométrica se sometió a pruebas de ajuste a funciones de distribución de probabilidad, encontrando la función Gumbel como la óptima. Luego, por tratamientos matemáticos utilizando esta distribución y aplicando el método de regresión lineal múltiple, se determinó la relación entre la intensidad, la duración y la frecuencia de precipitación (IDF). Con el modelo establecido, se representaron las curvas IDF para diferentes periodos de retorno, en función de la duración del evento de precipitación. El procedimiento anterior, se aplicó a los datos de cuatro estaciones que inciden en la cuenca del río que pasa por la ciudad de Tunja, generando información fundamental para la toma de decisiones en el diseño de obras de ingeniería y en la prevención de desastres.

Resumo: Com a ascensão do comércio eletrônico, mais pessoas estão comprando produtos na internet. Para aumentar a satisfação, os comerciantes estão disponibilizando espaços para clientes comentarem sobre seus produtos e serviços. Produtos com comentários positivos atraem clientes, enquanto produtos com comentários negativos afastam clientes. Seguindo esta ideia, algumas pessoas e organizações estão escrevendo comentários falsos, a fim de promover ou de denegrir a imagem de um produto ou serviço. A dificuldade em encontrar estes comentários está na grande quantidade de informação disponível. Uma solução é o uso de técnicas e ferramentas da mineração de dados, em especial a classificação. Explorando esta situação, o objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar técnicas de classificação para identificar comentários falsos sobre produtos e serviços na internet. O trabalho também apresenta uma revisão de literatura sobre comentários falsos. A pesquisa utilizou oito algoritmos. Os algoritmos foram treinados e testados com uma base de dados de hotéis. O algoritmo CONCENSO apresentou o melhor resultado, com uma precisão de 88%. Após o primeiro teste, os algoritmos treinados classificaram comentários em outra base de dados de hotéis. Para comparar os resultados desta nova classificação, o algoritmo do Review Skeptic foi utilizado. Os algoritmos SVM e GLMNET apresentaram as melhores convergências com o algoritmo do Review Skeptic, classificando 83% dos comentários com o mesmo resultado. A pesquisa contribuiu ao demonstrar a habilidade dos algoritmos em entender a veracidade dos comentários sobre produtos e serviços na internet. Outra contribuição é ser o pioneiro na investigação de comentários falsos no Brasil e na engenharia de produção.

Abstract: With the e-commerce growth, more people are buying products over the internet. To increase customer satisfaction, merchants provide spaces for product and service reviews. Products with positive reviews attract customers, while products with negative reviews lose customers. Following this idea, some individuals and corporations write fake reviews to promote their products and services or defame their competitors. The difficulty for finding these reviews was in the large amount of information available. One solution is to use data mining techniques and tools, such as the classification function. Exploring this situation, the present work evaluates classification techniques to identify fake reviews about products and services on the Internet. The research also presents a literature systematic review on fake reviews. The research used 8 classification algorithms. The algorithms were trained and tested with a hotels database. The CONCENSO algorithm presented the best result, with 88% in the precision indicator. After the first test, the algorithms classified reviews on another hotels database. To compare the results of this new classification, the Review Skeptic algorithm was used. The SVM and GLMNET algorithms presented the highest convergence with the Review Skeptic algorithm, classifying 83% of reviews with the same result. The research contributes by demonstrating the algorithms ability to understand consumers’ real reviews to products and services on the Internet. Another contribution is to be the pioneer in the investigation of fake reviews in Brazil and in production engineering.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This study describes the occurrence of triatomines, and their positivity for trypanosomatids, in a residential complex in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. METHODS: Triatomines were collected through direct capture in a home environment. Positivity analysis for trypanosomatids was performed by PCR assays. RESULTS Collected insects consisted of 31 Rhodnius robustus, 4 Rhodnius montenegrensis, and 1 Panstrongylus geniculatus specimens. All were adults, with no presence of domiciliation, and with an infection rate of 30.6%. CONCLUSIONS Future studies are recommended in other locations of Rio Branco in order to develop a georeference database of the occurrence of triatomines in urban areas.

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This communication reports the first occurrence of Panstrongylus lignarius in the State of Acre, Brazil. METHODS: A specimen of P. lignarius was collected from a residence in a rural area of the municipality of Rio Branco, Acre, Western Amazon. RESULTS: This new report of P. lignarius extends the distribution of this species to eight Brazilian states, and also increases the number of species of Triatominae described from the state of Acre from nine to ten. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of P. lignarius deserves attention, since this species has the potential for domiciliation and transmitting Trypanosoma cruzi.

RESUMEN Este artículo explica el impacto de las expectativas que tienen los emprendedores en etapas tempranas sobre el crecimiento económico de los países, teniendo en cuenta las políticas públicas que ambientan el desarrollo. Esta investigación utiliza variables del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor y del World Economic Forum para realizar un análisis descriptivo. Luego utilizando del método de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios se explican los efectos por grupos de países: impulsados por la eficiencia e impulsados por la innovación. En definitiva, en los países impulsados por la innovación es clara la relación expectativa de los emprendedores y crecimiento, salvo algunas excepciones, en los países impulsados por la eficiencia se debe trabajar la política pública para que las instituciones no sean la barrera que frene el ímpetu de los emprendedores con altas expectativas.

ABSTRACT This article explains the impact of entrepreneurs’ expectations on countries economic growth, considering the public policies that foster the development. Using data from Global Entrepreneurship Monitor and the World Economic Forum a descriptive analysis is done, then with the application of ordinary least squares (OLS) the effects are explained by groups of countries: efficiency-driven and innovation-driven. Ultimately in innovation-driven countries is clear the relationship between expectations of entrepreneurs and economic growth, while, with some exceptions, in efficiency-driven countries public policy should be focused on break the barrier that halt the momentum of entrepreneurs with high expectations.

RESUMO Este artigo explica o impacto das expectativas dos empresários no crescimento econômico dos países, considerando as políticas públicas que fomentam o desenvolvimento. Usando dados do Global Entrepreneurship Monitor e do Fórum Econômico Mundial, uma análise descritiva é feita, depois, com a aplicação de mínimos quadrados ordinários (OLS), os efeitos são explicados por grupos de países: impulsionados pela eficiência e orientados pela inovação. Em última análise, nos países impulsionados pela inovação está clara a relação entre as expectativas dos empresários e crescimento econômico, enquanto, com algumas exceções, em países orientados para a eficiência política pública deve ser focada em romper a barreira que parar o ímpeto de empresários com expectativas elevadas.

Abstract INTRODUCTION This communication reports the occurrence of Rhodnius neglectus in the State of Acre, Brazil. METHODS An adult male R. neglectus specimen was collected from the Catuaba Experimental Reserve, which is located in the municipality of Senador Guiomard. RESULTS This increases the number of triatomine species reported from the State of Acre to eight and is also the first report of R. neglectus from the Brazilian Western Amazon Region. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of R. neglectus is alarming because even though the species is wild, it can invade and colonize human dwellings and peridomiciles, thereby increasing Chagas disease transmission.

Resumen Antraciclinas como la doxorrubicina, así como anticuerpos monoclonales, como el trastuzumab, y agentes alquilantes, como la ciclofosfamida, son compuestos muy útiles como quimioterapia citotóxica al reducir en forma significativa la mortalidad relacionada con el cáncer. Sin embargo, su potencial cardiotoxicidad es un efecto adverso mayor que puede presentarse en cualquier momento de su administración o posterior a la misma, en especial cuando se usan combinados. La toxicidad cardiovascular por doxorrubicina suele ser dependiente de dosis e irreversible, mientras la ocasionada por trastuzumab no lo es. Se han encontrado cambios electrocardiográficos habituales durante la administración de quimioterapia, independiente de la dosis acumulada; a estos cambios agudos se les ha dado poca importancia, aunque pueden suceder hasta en el 40% de los pacientes. A pesar de la aparición documentada de arritmias tanto en humanos como en modelos animales, la muerte súbita cardiaca durante o inmediatamente después de la infusión de quimioterapia no está bien descrita. Se presenta el caso de un adulto joven sin antecedentes cardiovasculares, con linfoma no-Hodgkin y corazón con imagen ecocardiográfica muy sugestiva de infiltración linfomatosa del ventrículo izquierdo, quien desarrolla alteraciones del ritmo cardiaco que condicionan muerte súbita tras la infusión endovenosa lenta de doxorrubicina y trastuzumab.

Abstract Anthracyclines, such as doxorubicin, and monoclonal antibodies, such as trastuzumab, are compounds of wide clinical use as cytotoxic chemotherapy as they significantly reduce cancer-related mortality. However, the toxicity is a major adverse effect of these agents, which may occur at any time in their administration or afterwards, especially when used in combination. Cardiovascular toxicity by doxorubicin is dose-dependent and irreversible, while that caused by trastuzumab is not. Common electrocardiographic changes have been found during the administration of chemotherapy, independent of the cumulative dose, but these acute changes have been given little importance, although they may occur up to 40% of patients. Despite documented evidence of arrhythmias in both human and animal models, sudden cardiac death during or immediately after the infusion of chemotherapy is not well described. This paper describes a young adult with no history of cardiovascular disease, with non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma and a heart image very suggestive of left ventricle lymphomatous infiltration. The patient developed heart rhythm disturbances that lead to sudden death after slow intravenous infusion of doxorubicin.

Abstract INTRODUCTION The occurrence of Triatoma sordida in the Brazilian Western Amazon is reported for the first time. METHODS Triatoma sordida specimens were collected from a Gallus gallus nest in a peridomiciliary area of Senador Guiomard municipality in the state of Acre. RESULTS The number of triatomine species in Acre increased from six to seven with this first report of T. sordida in the Brazilian Western Amazon. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of T. sordida in Acre is of concern since it is among the most captured triatomines in peridomiciliary environments in Brazil, and carries a high potential for vector transmission.

RESUMO Objetivo: As lesões malignas de pálpebras são os cânceres oftalmológicos mais frequentes. Embora raramente letal, o diagnóstico tardio pode levar a diversas complicações severas e a uma alta taxa de morbidade visual. O diagnóstico definitivo de lesões neoplásicas é patológico. No presente estudo, revisamos casos de um único centro de referência oftalmológica de maior volume em São Paulo, Brasil. Métodos: Avaliação retrospectiva de todos os tumores palpebrais operados entre os anos de 2000 e 2012 no Departamento de Oftalmologia. Dados incluindo diagnóstico anatomopatológico final, sexo e idade - foram analisados através do método χ2 YATES. Resultados: Dentre os 1.113 tumores palpebrais ressecados no período de estudo de 13 anos, 324 (29%) dos pacientes com lesões únicas eram malignas. A lesão mais prevalente foi Carcinoma Basocelular (CBC), seguido por carcinoma espinocelular (CEC) e carcinoma de células sebáceas (CCS). A média da idade dos pacientes com diagnóstico de CBC, CCS e CEC foi 65, 75 e 70 respectivamente distribuídos entre 165 (51%) mulheres e 159 (49%) homens. Conclusão: Essa é a maior análise de coorte retrospectivo de tumores palpebrais da América Latina. Nossos achados estão de acordo com outros grandes centros de outros países e continentes.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Malignant lesions of the eyelid are the most common eye cancers. Although rarely lethal, late diagnosis can lead to serious visual morbidity. Definitive diagnosis of neoplastic lesions is pathological. Indications and types of eyelid lesions in a single high-volume ophthalmic reference center in Sao Paulo, Brazil, were analyzed. Methods: The surgical pathological reports of patients who underwent eye removal procedures between January 2000 and December 2012 were retrieved from the electronic database of the Ophthalmology Department and retrospectively reviewed. Data regarding the final anatomopathological diagnosis, sex, and age were analyzed via the χ2 test with Yates' correction. Results: Of the 1,113 eyelid tumors resected over the 13-year study period, 324 (29%) lesions were malignant. The most prevalent lesions were basal cell, squamous cell, and sebaceous gland carcinomas. The median ages of patients (females, n=165, 51%; males, n=159, 49%) with a diagnosis of basal cell, squamous cell, and sebaceous gland carcinomas were 65, 75, and 70 years, respectively. Conclusion: This is the largest retrospective cohort analysis of eyelid tumors in a Latin American population. These findings are in agreement with those from large centers in other countries and regions.